《论语》名句翻译
时间:2021-04-06 09:40:01 作者:宇扬翻译
“知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。”
“When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it; — that is knowledge.”这是英国传教士、著名汉学家理雅各(James Legge)十九世纪的版本,他是第一个系统研究、翻译中国古代经典文学作品的西方学者。其后很多学者都翻译过这句话,各有值得称道之处。下面我们选取有代表性的几种译文,比较并学习。
完整的原文为:子曰:“由,诲汝知之乎!知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。”,出自《论语·为政》,是孔子告诫学生仲由(字子路)的一句名言,意思是:孔子说:“子路,告诉你对待知和不知的态度吧(即对待学问的态度)!知道就是知道,不知道就是不知道,这样才是真正的智慧。”早在2500年前,孔子就指出了养成踏实认真的学习态度极其重要,只有承认自己有所知、有所不知,才能更好地学习,从而取得进步。
孔子的政治主张、伦理思想、道德观念和教育原则在国外也影响深远。“清末怪杰”辜鸿铭精通英、法、德、拉丁、希腊、马来亚等9种语言,他的译文为:To know what it is that you know, and to know what it is that you do not know, — that is understanding.
“书销中外六十本,诗译英法惟一人”的翻译界泰斗许渊冲则译为:To admit what you know and what you do not know, that is knowledge.
香港著名翻译家刘殿爵(D. C. Lau)的版本是:To say you know when you know, and to say you do not when you do not, that is knowledge.
著名翻译家林戊荪的译文同出一脉:Say you know when you know, and say you don't know when you don't, that is true knowledge.
美国翻译家、汉学家伯顿·华兹生(Burton Watson)对此的理解则是:When you know, to know you know. When you don’t know, to know you don’t know. That’s what knowing is.
美国诗人庞德(Ezra Pound)的译文颇有些不走寻常路:To know is to act knowledge, and, when you do not know, not to try to appear as if you did, that’s knowing.
以上均是中外著名学者、翻译大师的智慧结晶,值得我们学习和借鉴。如按照“Chinglish”的译法,将这句话译为“know is know, no know is no know, is know”,肯定是不可取的。
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